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Depending on which writing [[Wikipedia:Style_guide|style]] people have been taught in school and which region they are from, there are going to be differences in opinion about how words are typed and used on '''Portal Wiki'''.  
Depending on which writing [[Wikipedia:Style_guide|style]] people have been taught in school and which region they are from, there are going to be differences in opinion about how words are typed and used on '''Portal Wiki'''.  


This guide will hopefully help people adhere to a consistent standard of style and formatting throughout Portal Wiki articles. Covering all situations would take a long time and the following is only meant to be a reference for Portal Wiki specific guidelines. For a complete manual of style the [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style|Wikipedia Manual of Style]] should be consulted.
This guide will hopefully help people adhere to a consistent standard of style and formatting throughout Portal Wiki articles. Covering all situations would take a long time and the following is only meant to be a reference for Portal Wiki specific guidelines. For a complete manual of style the [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style|Wikipedia Manual of Style]] should be consulted.


__TOC__
__TOC__


==Article titles==
==Article titles==
Article titles should be short, simple and to the point. As a general rule, the first word should be capitalized and any subsequent words should be lowercase. However, this isn't a hard and fast rule and some words may be capitalized to adhere to other guidelines (''see [[#Specific wording|Specific wording]]''). Superfluous words such as "properly", "correctly", and "the right way" should be avoided, as should the use of pronunciation marks. Articles are usually on one subject so the title should not be on multiple topics.
Article titles should be short, simple, and to the point. As a general rule, the first word should be capitalized and any subsequent words should be lowercase. This isn't a hard and fast rule though, and some words may be capitalized to adhere to other guidelines (see [[Help:Style guide#Specific wording|specific wording]]). Superfluous words such as "properly", "correctly", and "the right way" should be avoided, as should the use of pronunciation marks. Articles are usually about one subject, so the title should not be on multiple topics.


'''Examples of good titles'''
'''Examples of good titles'''
Line 22: Line 22:
*How to solve chapter 1
*How to solve chapter 1


==Introduction==
==Introduction ([[w:Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|lead]])==
The introduction of a Portal Wiki article is the section before the first heading. The table of contents, if displayed, appears between the lead section and the first headline.
The introduction of a Portal Wiki article is the section before the first heading. The table of contents, if displayed, appears between the lead section and the first headline.


The lead should be capable of standing alone as a concise overview of the article, briefly describing its most important points. It should contain up to four paragraphs and should be written in a clear, accessible style so as to invite a reading of the full article.
The lead should be capable of standing alone as a concise overview of the article, briefly describing its most important points. It should contain up to four paragraphs and should be written in a clear, accessible style so as to invite a reading of the full article.


The article's subject should be mentioned at the earliest natural point in the prose in the first sentence, and should appear in '''boldface'''. For example:
The article's subject should be mentioned at the earliest natural point in the prose within the first sentence, and should appear in '''boldface'''. For example:


<blockquote>The '''Valve Steam and game statistics''' allows Valve to monitor player and server statistics through Steam.</blockquote>
<blockquote>The '''Valve Steam and game statistics''' allows Valve to monitor player and server statistics through Steam.</blockquote>


==General writing style==
==General writing style==
Articles should be written in the third person if possible. While writing on Portal Wiki doesn't need to be neutral, you should try to avoid personal reference. Sentences such as "I like to duck behind the boxes because it gives me better cover" could easily be phrased as "Ducking behind the boxes provides better cover".
Articles should be written in the third-person if possible. Although writing on Portal Wiki doesn't need to be neutral, you should try to avoid personal references. Sentences such as "I like to duck behind the boxes because it gives me better cover." could easily be phrased as "Ducking behind the boxes provides better cover".


Formatting functions like '''bold''', ''italics'', and [[Wikipedia:How to edit a page#Links and URLs|linking]] are provided to improve readability of articles, so use them (''see [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Wikipedia cheatsheet]] for additional help''). If you wish to emphasize a word use ''italics'' rather than '''bold''' or CAPITALS. Use of the bold face type should be limited within an article whenever possible to definitions, table headers, and name highlighting (although names should only be highlighted once in an article). Double emphasis should also be avoided but can be used for text such as important warnings by making the word '''''bold italic'''''. Italics and quotation marks are also used in names of pieces of media. For example, game names are italicized.
Formatting functions like '''bold''', ''italics'', and [[Wikipedia:How to edit a page#Links and URLs|linking]] are provided to improve readability of articles, therefore use them (see the [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Wikipedia cheatsheet]] for additional help). If you wish to emphasize a word, use ''italics'' rather than '''bold''' or CAPITALS. Use of the bold face type should be limited within an article whenever possible to definitions, table headers, and name highlighting (although names should be highlighted only once in an article). Double emphasis should also be avoided, but can be used for text such as important warnings by making the word '''''bold italic'''''. Italics are also used in titles of works in media (comics, games, books, videos, music, poems, etc.) whether published by Valve or others.


;Do not use:
;Do not use:
Line 42: Line 41:
*Emoticons - :)  
*Emoticons - :)  
*Excessive punctuation - !!!  
*Excessive punctuation - !!!  
*Sentences starting with lowercase - "place the sentry in the corner"
*Sentences starting with lowercase - "first, place a portal in the corner"
 
===Spelling and grammar===
{{hatnote|For a broader list of detailed style conventions, see [[Help:Style guide/A-Z]]}}
National variations of English will occur depending on the nationality of the author. There is no preferred variation for articles and users should be aware of this, however consistency should be maintained. If the article was written in American English, then this form should be used throughout – British English, Canadian English, or Australian English users should not change it to their variation part way through.
 
If possible, try to avoid the situation altogether by using common substitutions. For instance "analyze the situation" could be changed to "examine the situation".
 
This does not extend to the discussion pages where users can use variations freely.
 
General spelling and grammar should be legible and correct. Use the preview button to check your work for errors before you submit your edit. If English is not your first language or you have difficulties with writing, it is recommended you bring up your point in discussion so that other editors may add it. This makes copy-editing additions much easier.


===Overlinking and underlinking===
===Overlinking and underlinking===
For a complete guide to linking please refer to Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_%28links%29|Manual of Style (links)]].
''For a complete guide to linking, please refer to Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_(linking)|Manual of Style (linking)]].


The use of links is a difficult balance between providing the reader enough useful links to allow them to "wander through" articles and excessive linking which can distract them from their reading flow.
The use of links is a difficult balance between providing the reader enough useful links to allow them to "wander through" articles and excessive linking that can distract them from their reading flow.


Underlinking can cause the reader to become frustrated because questions may arise about the article's contents which can only be resolved by using the search option or other sources for clarification, interrupting and distracting the reader.
'''Underlinking''' can cause the reader to become frustrated because questions may arise about the article's contents that can only be resolved by using the search option or other sources for clarification, interrupting and distracting the reader.


Overlinking may distract the reader because links are usually colored differently causing the eye to shift focus constantly. Additionally if the same word is linked multiple times in the same paragraph it can cause the reader to question if the links are directing them to different articles or not.
'''Overlinking''' may distract the reader because links are usually colored differently causing the eye to shift focus constantly. Additionally, if the same word is linked multiple times in the same paragraph it can cause the reader to question if the links are directing them to different articles or not. Excessive linking is defined as multiple linking of the same term, or a high concentration of links that almost certainly appear needlessly on the viewer's screen.
 
Remember, the purpose of links is to direct the reader to a new spot at the point(s) where the reader is most likely to take a temporary detour due to needing more information.


The guidelines for linking are:
The guidelines for linking are:
*No more than 10 percent of the words in an article are contained in links.
*No more than 10 percent of the words in an article are contained in links.
*Two links should not be next to each other in the text, so that it looks like one link - such as [[Spy|Spy's]] [[disguise]].
*Links for any single term should not be excessively repeated in the same article. Excessive linking is more than once for the same term, in a line or a paragraph, which will almost certainly appear needlessly on the viewer's screen. Remember, the purpose of links is to direct the reader to a new spot at the point(s) where the reader is most likely to take a temporary detour due to needing more information.
*Duplicating an important link distant from a previous occurrence in an article may well be appropriate. If an important term appears many times in a long article, but is only linked once at the very beginning of the article, it may actually be underlinked. Indeed, readers who jump directly to a subsection of interest must still be able to find a link. But take care in fixing such problems, the distance between duplicate links is an editor's preference, however if in doubt duplicate the term further down the article.


==Spelling==
*If possible, two links should not be next to each other in the text so that it looks like one link - such as [[Aperture Science]] [[Material Emancipation Grill]].
National variations of English will occur depending on the nationality of the author. There is no preferred variation for articles and users should be aware of this, however consistency should be maintained. If the article was written in American English then this form should be used throughout and British English, Canadian English, or Australian English users should not change to their variation part way through.


If possible try to avoid the situation altogether by using common substitutions, for instance: "analyze the situation" could be changed to "examine the situation".
*Links for any single term generally should not be repeated in the same article.  


This does not extend to the discussion pages where users can use variations freely.
*Duplicating an important link in a larger article can be justified in some situations. If an important term appears many times in a long article, but is only linked once at the very beginning of the article, it may actually be underlinked. Indeed, readers who jump directly to a subsection of interest may find such a repeated link useful. But, take care in fixing such problems, the distance between duplicate links is an editor's preference, however if in doubt duplicate the term further down the article.
 
*Disambiguation and other lists: The [[w:Wikipedia:Disambiguation#Page style|general wiki style]] is exactly one link per line of a list; ideally, that link should be to the article for subject of the line. Any temptation to add more links in the line is usually to add links that are already in the first or second sentence of the linked article, and, so are totally unnecessary in the list.  


General spelling and grammar should be legible and correct. Use the preview button to check your work for errors before you submit your edit. If English is not your first language or you have difficulties with writing, it is recommended you bring up your point in discussion so that other editors may add it. This makes copy-editing additions much easier.
*'''Adding links to established articles:''' New editors are often tempted to add links to established pages. Generally, the level of linking on this wiki's pages are ''more than adequate''; so, you should add a link only where you honestly do not know what the page is discussing at that point.


==Specific wording==
==Specific wording==
Line 73: Line 83:


;Short hand: Portal Wiki
;Short hand: Portal Wiki
;Long hand: Ppoorrttaall Wwiikkii
;Long hand: The Unofficial Portal Wiki


===Classes, items, and terms===
===Characters, items, and terms===
{{rewrite}}
Names of the ''Portal'' [[Characters]] will generally be capitalized ([[Chell]], [[GLaDOS]], etc). Normally English nouns within a sentence are lowercased (atlas and p-body); however, when referred to within the context of ''Portal'', they are treated as [[Wikipedia:Noun#Proper nouns and common nouns|proper nouns]] and thus capitalized. Words and abbreviations of specific names should be capitalized unless referring to things that have become general types. This will also apply to names of [[Cubes]], [[Items]] and terms (''see [[:Category:Glossary|glossary]]'') within ''Portal'', however if the name has more than one word, any successive words should be title-cased.
Names of the ''Portal'' [[Characters]] will generally be capitalized ([[Chell]], [[GLaDOS]], etc). Normally English nouns within a sentence are lowercased (atlas and p-body); however, when referred to within the context of ''Portal'', they are treated as [[Wikipedia:Noun#Proper nouns and common nouns|proper nouns]] and thus capitalized. Words and abbreviations of specific names should be capitalized unless referring to things that have become general types (see health example below). This will also apply to names of [[Cubes]], [[Items]] and terms (''see [[:Category:Glossary|glossary]]'') within ''Portal'', however if the name has more than one word, any successive words should be title-cased.  
 
In the case of items prefixed with "Aperture Science", for example: "Aperture Science Handheld Portal Device", we require the "Aperture Science" be exempt from the article name and references to the object of topic.  The correct version of the above example would be: "Handheld Portal Device".


Also keep in mind to avoid using and including unnecessary definite articles. For instance, avoid creating pages with titles such as; "The Enrichment Centre" etcetera. Instead use titles such as the following; "Enrichment Centre" etcetera.
Also keep in mind to avoid using and including unnecessary definite articles. For instance, avoid creating pages with titles such as; "The Enrichment Centre" etcetera. Instead use titles such as the following; "Enrichment Centre" etcetera.
Line 85: Line 96:
*Aperture Science, ''not'' Aperture science
*Aperture Science, ''not'' Aperture science
*(Note: Any other examples are welcome.)
*(Note: Any other examples are welcome.)
When referring to the player or the [[Co-op]] bots, [[Atlas]] and [[P-body]], gender neutral pronouns such as "they" and "their" are used. For example: "The player can pick up the radio." or "Atlas can fire their purple portal".


===Patches===
===Patches===
When adding data that has been recently changed or added via patch, do not add a note stating that it was added on the '[Date] Patch' but write as if the new data was always the norm, unless the old data is somehow relevant. This is to avoid pages that talk about "recently patched data" which is now years old, as well as articles that have long sections of outdated information followed by "However this was patched and now does not work". The Portal series is constantly being patched and updated, and changes to aspects of the game become all too frequent to mention specifically.
When adding data that has been recently changed or added via patch, do not add a note stating that it was added on the '[Date] Patch' but instead write it as if the new data was always the norm unless the old data is somehow relevant. This is to avoid pages that talk about "recently patched data" which is now years old, as well as articles that have long sections of outdated information followed by "However, this was patched and now does not work".


===Strategy pages===
===Walkthroughs===
Strategy pages contain advice instead of neutral statements about gameplay, so writing "you," giving commands, being accurate and being brief are preferred to encyclopedic language.  Whenever applicable, the scope of a strategy should be specified. In some cases, this will require phrases that are normally weasel words, such as "probably" and "on occasion."
Walkthrough contain advice instead of neutral statements about gameplay, so writing "you," giving commands, being accurate and being brief are preferred to encyclopedic language.  Whenever applicable, the scope of a strategy should be specified. In some cases, this will require phrases that are normally weasel words, such as "probably" and "on occasion."
 
Many strategies will be impossible to cite, so use judgment.  The best strategy entries will apply universally and will not require enemy players to be stupid, inexperienced or foolish.  For example, strategies requiring deception are poor advice because they will never work against excellent players.  Success in general can be a poor measuring stick, since any strategy will work against sufficiently poor enemies.  Give advice that would succeed against the best possible foes.


===Unique cases===
===Unique cases===
Line 98: Line 109:
In order to avoid ambiguity, certain considerations should be followed for specific topics and words.
In order to avoid ambiguity, certain considerations should be followed for specific topics and words.


*'''"Binds":''' Many players don't play on PC, and even those that do often times don't use default key assignments. References to commands should refer to those commands in simple, bind-neutral terms, including default key assignments only as extra information (possibly added in parentheses, and not repeated at additional mentions of the same command within the article). For example, "hit mouse2 and sneak around them" would be more appropriately phrased "sneak around them by using cloak (default key mouse2 on PC, left trigger on XBox 360, L2 on PS3)" or, if recently described with key bindings already, simply "sneak around them by using cloak."
*'''"Binds":''' Many players don't play on a PC, and even those that do often times don't use default key assignments. References to commands should refer to those commands in simple, bind-neutral terms including default key assignments only as extra information (possibly added in parentheses, and not repeated at additional mentions of the same command within the article). For example, "hit {{Key|Mouse1}} to fire a blue portal" would be more appropriately phrased "fire a blue portal (default {{Key|Mouse1}} on a PC, left trigger on an XBox 360, R1 on a PS3)" or, if recently described with key bindings already, simply "fire a blue portal".
*'''"Pipe bomb":''' The phrase "pipe bomb" and similar terms should be avoided. Many players think of the [[Grenade Launcher]] upon reading the phrase, while game coding uses the phrase "pipes" to describe [[Sticky Bomb Launcher|stickies]]. For example, phrases like "pipes do not suffer damage fall-off" and "use cloak to get past pipes" would be more appropriately phrased "Grenades do not suffer damage fall-off" and "use cloak to get past Stickies."
*'''"Primary" and "Secondary" weapons''': ''Team Fortress 2'' is inconsistent in the ordering of weapons, particularly those of [[Demoman]] and [[Spy]]. Using the phrases "primary" and "secondary" to describe their weapons should be avoided. For example, "switch to primary weapon to fight nearby enemies" would be more appropriately phrased "switch to Grenade Launcher to fight nearby enemies."


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Help:Style guide/A-Z|Style A-Z reference guide]]
* [[Help:Style guide/A-Z|Alphabetical list of Style topics]]
 
* [[Help:Style guide/Mechanics|Style guide for Mechanics articles]]
 
* [[Help:Style guide/Characters|Style guide for Characters articles]]
{{NS HELP navbar}}
* [[Help:Style guide/Test chambers|Style guide for Test Chamber articles]]
* [[Help:Style guide/Trivia|Style guide for Trivia sections]]

Latest revision as of 03:03, 25 June 2024

Depending on which writing style people have been taught in school and which region they are from, there are going to be differences in opinion about how words are typed and used on Portal Wiki.

This guide will hopefully help people adhere to a consistent standard of style and formatting throughout Portal Wiki articles. Covering all situations would take a long time and the following is only meant to be a reference for Portal Wiki specific guidelines. For a complete manual of style the Wikipedia Manual of Style should be consulted.

Article titles

Article titles should be short, simple, and to the point. As a general rule, the first word should be capitalized and any subsequent words should be lowercase. This isn't a hard and fast rule though, and some words may be capitalized to adhere to other guidelines (see specific wording). Superfluous words such as "properly", "correctly", and "the right way" should be avoided, as should the use of pronunciation marks. Articles are usually about one subject, so the title should not be on multiple topics.

Examples of good titles

  • GLaDOS responses
  • Thermal Discouragement Beam
  • Chell
  • Weighted Storage Cube

Examples of bad titles

  • PORTAL MODS
  • How to solve chapter 1

Introduction (lead)

The introduction of a Portal Wiki article is the section before the first heading. The table of contents, if displayed, appears between the lead section and the first headline.

The lead should be capable of standing alone as a concise overview of the article, briefly describing its most important points. It should contain up to four paragraphs and should be written in a clear, accessible style so as to invite a reading of the full article.

The article's subject should be mentioned at the earliest natural point in the prose within the first sentence, and should appear in boldface. For example:

The Valve Steam and game statistics allows Valve to monitor player and server statistics through Steam.

General writing style

Articles should be written in the third-person if possible. Although writing on Portal Wiki doesn't need to be neutral, you should try to avoid personal references. Sentences such as "I like to duck behind the boxes because it gives me better cover." could easily be phrased as "Ducking behind the boxes provides better cover".

Formatting functions like bold, italics, and linking are provided to improve readability of articles, therefore use them (see the Wikipedia cheatsheet for additional help). If you wish to emphasize a word, use italics rather than bold or CAPITALS. Use of the bold face type should be limited within an article whenever possible to definitions, table headers, and name highlighting (although names should be highlighted only once in an article). Double emphasis should also be avoided, but can be used for text such as important warnings by making the word bold italic. Italics are also used in titles of works in media (comics, games, books, videos, music, poems, etc.) whether published by Valve or others.

Do not use
  • ALL CAPS
  • Instant messenger language abbreviations - R U OK?
  • Emoticons - :)
  • Excessive punctuation - !!!
  • Sentences starting with lowercase - "first, place a portal in the corner"

Spelling and grammar

For a broader list of detailed style conventions, see Help:Style guide/A-Z

National variations of English will occur depending on the nationality of the author. There is no preferred variation for articles and users should be aware of this, however consistency should be maintained. If the article was written in American English, then this form should be used throughout – British English, Canadian English, or Australian English users should not change it to their variation part way through.

If possible, try to avoid the situation altogether by using common substitutions. For instance "analyze the situation" could be changed to "examine the situation".

This does not extend to the discussion pages where users can use variations freely.

General spelling and grammar should be legible and correct. Use the preview button to check your work for errors before you submit your edit. If English is not your first language or you have difficulties with writing, it is recommended you bring up your point in discussion so that other editors may add it. This makes copy-editing additions much easier.

Overlinking and underlinking

For a complete guide to linking, please refer to Wikipedia's Manual of Style (linking).

The use of links is a difficult balance between providing the reader enough useful links to allow them to "wander through" articles and excessive linking that can distract them from their reading flow.

Underlinking can cause the reader to become frustrated because questions may arise about the article's contents that can only be resolved by using the search option or other sources for clarification, interrupting and distracting the reader.

Overlinking may distract the reader because links are usually colored differently causing the eye to shift focus constantly. Additionally, if the same word is linked multiple times in the same paragraph it can cause the reader to question if the links are directing them to different articles or not. Excessive linking is defined as multiple linking of the same term, or a high concentration of links that almost certainly appear needlessly on the viewer's screen.

Remember, the purpose of links is to direct the reader to a new spot at the point(s) where the reader is most likely to take a temporary detour due to needing more information.

The guidelines for linking are:

  • No more than 10 percent of the words in an article are contained in links.
  • Links for any single term generally should not be repeated in the same article.
  • Duplicating an important link in a larger article can be justified in some situations. If an important term appears many times in a long article, but is only linked once at the very beginning of the article, it may actually be underlinked. Indeed, readers who jump directly to a subsection of interest may find such a repeated link useful. But, take care in fixing such problems, the distance between duplicate links is an editor's preference, however if in doubt duplicate the term further down the article.
  • Disambiguation and other lists: The general wiki style is exactly one link per line of a list; ideally, that link should be to the article for subject of the line. Any temptation to add more links in the line is usually to add links that are already in the first or second sentence of the linked article, and, so are totally unnecessary in the list.
  • Adding links to established articles: New editors are often tempted to add links to established pages. Generally, the level of linking on this wiki's pages are more than adequate; so, you should add a link only where you honestly do not know what the page is discussing at that point.

Specific wording

Portal Wiki

When using the name of the wiki in articles, the name should be used in two ways:

Short hand
Portal Wiki
Long hand
The Unofficial Portal Wiki

Characters, items, and terms

Names of the Portal Characters will generally be capitalized (Chell, GLaDOS, etc). Normally English nouns within a sentence are lowercased (atlas and p-body); however, when referred to within the context of Portal, they are treated as proper nouns and thus capitalized. Words and abbreviations of specific names should be capitalized unless referring to things that have become general types. This will also apply to names of Cubes, Items and terms (see glossary) within Portal, however if the name has more than one word, any successive words should be title-cased.

In the case of items prefixed with "Aperture Science", for example: "Aperture Science Handheld Portal Device", we require the "Aperture Science" be exempt from the article name and references to the object of topic. The correct version of the above example would be: "Handheld Portal Device".

Also keep in mind to avoid using and including unnecessary definite articles. For instance, avoid creating pages with titles such as; "The Enrichment Centre" etcetera. Instead use titles such as the following; "Enrichment Centre" etcetera.

Examples

  • Weighted Storage Cube, not Weighted storage cube
  • Aperture Science, not Aperture science
  • (Note: Any other examples are welcome.)

When referring to the player or the Co-op bots, Atlas and P-body, gender neutral pronouns such as "they" and "their" are used. For example: "The player can pick up the radio." or "Atlas can fire their purple portal".

Patches

When adding data that has been recently changed or added via patch, do not add a note stating that it was added on the '[Date] Patch' but instead write it as if the new data was always the norm unless the old data is somehow relevant. This is to avoid pages that talk about "recently patched data" which is now years old, as well as articles that have long sections of outdated information followed by "However, this was patched and now does not work".

Walkthroughs

Walkthrough contain advice instead of neutral statements about gameplay, so writing "you," giving commands, being accurate and being brief are preferred to encyclopedic language. Whenever applicable, the scope of a strategy should be specified. In some cases, this will require phrases that are normally weasel words, such as "probably" and "on occasion."

Unique cases

In order to avoid ambiguity, certain considerations should be followed for specific topics and words.

  • "Binds": Many players don't play on a PC, and even those that do often times don't use default key assignments. References to commands should refer to those commands in simple, bind-neutral terms – including default key assignments – only as extra information (possibly added in parentheses, and not repeated at additional mentions of the same command within the article). For example, "hit Mouse1 to fire a blue portal" would be more appropriately phrased "fire a blue portal (default Mouse1 on a PC, left trigger on an XBox 360, R1 on a PS3)" or, if recently described with key bindings already, simply "fire a blue portal".

See also